Журнал «Актуальная инфектология» Том 7, №2, 2019
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Main populations of imuncompetental peripheral blood cells in patients with chronic hepatitis С
Авторы: V.D. Moskaliuk, I.V. Balaniuk, M.O. Sokolenko
Bukovinsky State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Рубрики: Инфекционные заболевания
Разделы: Медицинские форумы
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Background. Hepatitis C remains one of the leading problems of intrahospital infectious diseases associated with hemotransfusions, the introduction of blood products, other medical interventions for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The target for HCV is hepatocyte, monocytes/macrophages, B-lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Direct infection of these immunocompetent cells determines the immunological disorders of congenital and adaptive immunity, which are registered in more than half of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatitis C is one of the most dangerous diseases of the liver of viral etiology, the prevalence of which is constantly increasing. According to most infectionists and epidemiologists, today the number of chronic carriers of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the world ranges from 150 to 500 million. The purpose of the study was to establish the absolute and relative numbers of immunocompetent cells of the peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Materials and methods. During 2014–2015 On the basis of the infectious department of the Chernivtsi Regional Clinical Hospital, a clinical and laboratory examination of 31 patients with chronic hepatitis C with the use of paraclinical techniques were conducted. The study included patients of both sexes (21 males and 10 females), aged 26–63, who were undergoing in-patient treatment. The average age of the examined patients was 44.55 ± 1.14 years. Among them, 15 (48.39 %) were older than the middle age, and 16 (51.61 %) were younger than middle age. The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy persons (21 (70 %) males and 9 women), 46.81 ± 2.41 years old. All patients were taken with an entire peripheral venous blood, which was mixed in a clean sterile tube with an anticoagulant EDTA-K2 × 2H2O. The process of counting the absolute and relative numbers of major populations of immunocompetent cells was carried out in accordance with the recommendations set forth in the “User’s Guide” regarding the operation of the hematologic analyzer.
Results and discussion. In the presence of insufficiency, the indicator was a negative pressure, the value of the indicator with the value of + indicated an increased neutrophil granulocyte reactivity. The value of the result, which was in the range of 1–33 %, corresponded to I degree of reactive response of neutrophil granulocytes (NG), 34–66.7 % — II degree, and more than 66.7 % — III level of reactive NG response disorders. To establish a reactive NH response, the values of the absolute and relative numbers of the major populations of the immunocompetent cells of the peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis C (HCG) are necessary. In patients with CSF, the number of agranulocytes decreases by 8.19 % due to a decrease in the number of monocytes by 36.90 %, the absolute amount of monocytes is reduced by 60.0 %, and the absolute amou nt of platelets is reduced by 20.34 %. This increases the relative amount of granulocytes by 8.06 % due to the growth of 8.88 % of neutrophilic granulocytes. Such changes in the absolute and relative number of immunocompetent cells indicate the presence of inflammatory process, which is confirmed by the growth of SSEE by 73.03 %. Significant advantage of absolute and relative amount of granulocytes over such parameters as agranulocytes — at 2.34 and 2.34 times (in contrast to 2.01 and 2.00 times) indicates the activation of immunocompetent cells that take honor in nonspecific anti-infective protection the body.
Conclusions. In non-specific anti-infective protection in patients with chronic hepatitis C, mononuclear and polynuclear phagocytes are involved, but polynuclear neutrophilic leukocytes prevail in the immune response, which confirms the prevalence of the microphage system in the non-specific protection of the body of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Growth of the reactive response of neutrophilic granulocytes in patients with chronic hepatitis C contributes to an increase of 30.07 % of the immunological reactivity of the organism.