Журнал «Медицина неотложных состояний» Том 17, №8, 2021
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Физиология обмена магния и применение магнезии в интенсивной терапии (литературный обзор с результатами собственных наблюдений, часть 3)
Авторы: Курсов С.В., Никонов В.В., Белецкий А.В., Киношенко Е.И., Скороплет С.Н.
Харьковская медицинская академия последипломного образования, г. Харьков, Украина
КНП «Харьковская клиническая больница скорой и неотложной помощи им. проф. А.И. Мещанинова» Харьковского городского совета, г. Харьков, Украина
Рубрики: Медицина неотложных состояний
Разделы: Справочник специалиста
Версия для печати
Ми надали в цьому огляді результати експериментальних і клінічних досліджень, які найбільш переконливо демонструють місце порушень обміну магнію в розвитку пошкоджень міокарда, фатальних аритмій і артеріальної гіпертензії. Ми також висвітлили питання діагностики прихованого дефіциту магнію в організмі і роль дефіциту магнію в патогенезі кардіоміопатії, застійної серцевої недостатності і пролапсу мітрального клапана. Пероральні добавки Mg сприяють зниженню середнього артеріального тиску, периферичного опору судин і частоти ізольованих і залпових шлуночкових екстрасистол і нападів нестійкої шлуночкової тахіаритмії. Вчені виявили, що в багатьох пацієнтів із сильно вираженим пролапсом мітрального клапана рівень Mg в сироватці крові був низьким і прийом добавок з Mg призводить до поліпшення стану пацієнтів. Контроль статусу магнієвого обміну в організмі не тільки необхідний в умовах інтенсивної терапії та стаціонару в цілому, але також актуальний в амбулаторній практиці. Регулярний прийом препаратів Mg або харчових добавок, що містять в основному Mg, може істотно поліпшити результати лікування численних захворювань і запобігти розвитку небезпечних для організму ускладнень. При цьому собівартість магнезіальної терапії є досить низькою.
Мы представили в этом обзоре результаты экспериментальных и клинических исследований, которые наиболее убедительно демонстрируют место нарушений обмена магния (Mg) в развитии повреждений миокарда, фатальных аритмий и артериальной гипертензии. Мы также осветили вопросы диагностики скрытого дефицита магния в организме и роль дефицита магния в патогенезе кардиомиопатии, застойной сердечной недостаточности и пролапса митрального клапана. Пероральные добавки Mg способствуют снижению среднего артериального давления, периферического сопротивления сосудов и частоты изолированных и залповых желудочковых экстрасистол и приступов неустойчивой желудочковой тахиаритмии. Ученые обнаружили, что у многих пациентов с сильно выраженным пролапсом митрального клапана уровень Mg в сыворотке крови был низким и прием добавок с Mg приводил к улучшению состояния пациентов. Контроль статуса магниевого обмена в организме не только необходим в условиях интенсивной терапии и стационара в целом, но также актуален в амбулаторной практике. Регулярный прием препаратов Mg или пищевых добавок, содержащих Mg, может существенно улучшить результаты лечения множества заболеваний и предотвратить развитие опасных для организма осложнений. При этом себестоимость магнезиальной терапии является достаточно низкой.
In this review, we presented the results of experimental and clinical studies that most convincingly demonstrate the role of magnesium metabolism disorders in the development of myocardial damage, fatal arrhythmias, and arterial hypertension. We also highlighted the diagnosis of latent magnesium deficiency in the body and the role of magnesium deficiency in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, and mitral valve prolapse. Oral Mg supplementation helps to reduce mean arterial pressure, peripheral vascular resistance, and the frequency of isolated and burst ventricular extrasystoles and attacks of unstable ventricular tachyarrhythmia. The researchers found that many patients with severe mitral valve prolapse had low serum Mg levels, and Mg supplementation was associated with improved patient outcomes. Monitoring the status of magnesium metabolism in the body is ne-cessary not only in intensive care and in the hospital as a whole but is also relevant in outpatient practice. The cost of magnesia therapy is quite low, but at the same time, regular intake of magnesium preparations or dietary supplements, containing mainly magnesium, can significantly improve the results of treatment of many diseases and prevent the development of complications that are dangerous for the body.
магній; дефіцит магнію; магнезіальна терапія; серцеві аритмії; ішемія і некроз міокарда; артеріальна гіпертензія; кардіоміопатія; застійна серцева недостатність; пролапс мітрального клапана, калій; натрій; кальцій
магний; дефицит магния; магнезиальная терапия; сердечные аритмии; ишемия и некроз миокарда; артериальная гипертензия; кардиомиопатия; застойная сердечная недостаточность; пролапс митрального клапана; калий; натрий; кальций
magnesium; magnesium deficiency; magnesium therapy; cardiac arrhythmias; myocardial ischemia and necrosis; arterial hypertension; cardiomyopathy; congestive heart failure; mitral valve prolapse; potassium; sodium; calcium
Введение
Материалы и методы
Результаты
Выводы
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