Международный неврологический журнал Том 19, №8, 2023
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Сучасні уявлення про патогенетичні механізми розвитку хвороби дрібних судин
Авторы: Тріщинська М.А. (1), Кононов О.Є. (1), Луценко Г.B. (1), Невгад Ю.В. (2), Романенко І.П. (2)
(1) - Національний університет охорони здоров’я України імені П.Л. Шупика, м. Київ, Україна
(2) - КНП «Київська обласна клінічна лікарня», м. Київ, Україна
Рубрики: Неврология
Разделы: Справочник специалиста
Версия для печати
Резюме
Цереброваскулярна патологія посідає провідні позиції серед причин смертності та тривалої непрацездатності населення країн з високим, середнім та низьким рівнем доходів, що свідчить про надзвичайну актуальність пошуку нових стратегій щодо запобігання цим захворюванням. На сьогодні серед найбільш поширених форм цереброваскулярних захворювань виділяють гострий ішемічний інсульт та судинні когнітивні порушення, зокрема судинну деменцію. У патогенезі обох цих станів значущу роль відіграє ураження дрібних судин головного мозку. У статті проведений аналіз даних літератури щодо основних та вірогідних патогенетичних механізмів розвитку хвороби дрібних судин головного мозку. Ключові слова, за якими проводився підбір літератури у Національній медичній бібліотеці PubMed: хвороба дрібних судин, гіперінтенсивність білої речовини головного мозку, лакуни, розширені периваскулярні простори, атрофія мозку, судинні когнітивні порушення. Вивчення патогенетичних механізмів розвитку церебральної мікроангіопатії, або хвороби дрібних судин, дозволить спрямувати клінічні та наукові дослідження на пошук патогенетично обґрунтованого лікування та стратегії профілактики, що надзвичайно важливо для таких пацієнтів.
Cerebrovascular pathology occupies the leading position among the causes of mortality and long-term disability in high-, middle- and low-income countries, which indicates the extreme relevance of finding new strategies for the prevention of these diseases. Today, acute ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive disorders, including vascular dementia, are among the most common forms of cerebrovascular diseases. Damage to cerebral small vessels plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of both conditions. The article analyzed literature data on the main and probable pathogenetic mechanisms of cerebral small vessel disease. Keywords used to select the literature in PubMed National Library of Medicine included: small vessel disease, white matter hyperintensity, lacunae, enlarged perivascular spaces, brain atrophy, vascular cognitive disorders. The study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of cerebral microangiopathy or cerebral small vessel disease will allow clinical and scientific research to be directed to the search for pathogenetically justified treatment and prevention strategies, which is extremely important for such patients.
Ключевые слова
церебральна мікроангіопатія; хвороба дрібних судин головного мозку; лейкоареоз; гіперінтенсивність білої речовини; розширення периваскулярних просторів; лакуни; лакунарні інфаркти; судинні когнітивні порушення; огляд
cerebral microangiopathy; small vessel disease; leukoaraiosis; white matter hyperintensity; enlarged perivascular spaces; lacunae; lacunar stroke; vascular cognitive disorders; review
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