Журнал «Практическая онкология» Том 7, №1, 2024

Пухлини головного мозку здатні викликати різноманітну психіатричну симптоматику, яка може проявлятися у змінах афективної сфери, поведінки та когнітивних здібностей. Ці зміни називаються нейропсихіатричною симптоматикою, також відомі як нейроповедінкові симптоми. Найчастішими психіатричними проявами при пухлинах головного мозку є: депресивний епізод, тривожні розлади, панічні атаки, розлади особистості, психози, розлади мнестичної сфери, маніакальні стани, слухові та візуальні галюцинації, розлади харчової поведінки. За відсутності своєчасного лікування нейропсихіатричні розлади можуть мати глибокий вплив на якість життя та виживання пацієнтів. В окремих випадках це може призводити до ситуацій, коли пацієнт внаслідок змін поведінки здатен нести загрозу для себе та оточуючих. Однак своєчасний скринінг психіатричних розладів у пацієнтів з пухлинами мозку дозволяє вчасно розробити комплекс заходів щодо надання їм паліативної допомоги. У цьому огляді буде розглянуто прояви та зв’язок психічних розладів при пухлинах головного мозку.

Brain tumors can cause a variety of psychiatric symptoms, which can manifest in changes in the affective sphere, behavior, and cognitive abilities. These are called neuropsychiatric symptoms, also known as neurobehavioral symptoms. The most frequent psychiatric manifestations of brain tumors are depressive episodes, anxiety disorders, panic attacks, personality changes, psychotic episodes, memory deficiency, mania, auditory and visual hallucinations, eating disorders. If untreated timely, neuropsychiatric symptoms can have a significant impact on patients’ quality of life and survival. In extreme cases, these changes can lead to situations when the patient, due to changes in behavior, may pose a threat to himself and others. However, timely screening for psychiatric disorders in brain tumors allows for timely development of a set of measures to provide patients with palliative care. The purpose of this article is to review the association of psychiatric disorders in patients with brain tumors and to describe the way they can manifest.

пухлини головного мозку; психіатрична симптоматика; розлади особистості; панічні атаки; депресія; тривожні розлади; психози; суїцидальність; нейрокогнітивне порушення

brain tumors; psychiatric symptoms; personality disorders; panic attacks; depression; anxiety disorders; psychosis; suicidality; neurocognitive impairment

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