Журнал "Медицина невідкладних станів" Том 20, №6, 2024
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Черепно-мозкова травма мирного та воєнного часу. Перспективи протинападових препаратів у профілактиці та лікуванні посттравматичної епілепсії (огляд)
Автори: Літовченко Т.А. (1), Мар’єнко Л.Б. (2), Дубенко А.Є. (3), Літовченко А.В. (4), Мар’єнко К.М. (2)
(1) - Харківський національний медичний університет, м. Харків, Україна
(2) - Львівський національний медичний університет ім. Данила Галицького, м. Львів, Україна
(3) - ДУ «Інститут неврології, психіатрії та наркології НАМН України», ЛДЦЕ КНП ХОР «Обласна клінічна психіатрична лікарня № 3», МЦ «Нейрон», м. Харків, Україна
(4) - Харківська державна академія фізичної культури, м. Харків, Україна
Рубрики: Медицина невідкладних станів
Розділи: Довідник фахівця
Версія для друку
Згідно з даними світової статистики, на початок 2023 року черепно-мозкові травми (ЧМТ) є найбільш поширеним видом травм і однією з головних причин інвалідизації у всьому світі. Щорічно на земній кулі, внаслідок дорожньо-транспортних пригод, падінь, занять спортом, військових конфліктів, 95–783 особи із 100 тисяч отримують серйозні травми головного мозку. Посттравматична епілепсія (ПТЕ) є одним з найбільш тяжких наслідків ЧМТ, частота якої, за різними оцінками, коливається від 2 до 50 % залежно від тяжкості травми. Військова ЧМТ має низку особливостей, що обумовлюють розвиток епілептичних нападів навіть після легкої травми. У цьому огляді, що включає результати експериментальних та клінічних досліджень протягом останніх років, здійснено аналіз і узагальнення відомих на сьогодні механізмів епілептогенезу, біомаркерів, клінічних особливостей та коморбідних станів ПТЕ, а також впровадження в практику профілактичних та лікувальних стратегій із застосуванням протинападових препаратів.
According to world statistics, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common type of trauma and one of the main causes of disability worldwide as of beginning of 2023. Every year, 95–783 people per 100,000 suffer serious brain injuries due to traffic accidents, falls, playing sports, military conflicts. Post-traumatic epilepsy is one of the most severe consequences of TBI; according to various estimates, its frequency ranges from 2 to 50 %, depending on the severity of trauma. Military TBI has some features that determine the development of epileptic seizures even after a mild injury. In this review, which includes the results of experimental and clinical research in recent years, an analysis and generalization were made of the currently known mechanisms of epileptogenesis, biomarkers, clinical features and comorbidities of post-traumatic epilepsy, as well as the implementation into practice of preventive and therapeutic strategies using anti-seizure medications.
черепно-мозкова травма; військова ЧМТ; посттравматична епілепсія; епілептогенез; біомаркери; профілактика; лікування; протинападові препарати
traumatic brain injury; military traumatic brain injury; post-traumatic epilepsy; epileptogenesis; biomarkers; prevention; treatment; anti-seizure medications
Сучасні механізми епілептогенезу після ЧМТ
Біомаркери ПТЕ
Військова ЧМТ ≠ ЧМТ в умовах мирного часу
Рання оцінка та лікування в умовах бойових дій
Когнітивна дисфункція та деменція — коморбідні стани посттравматичної епілепсії
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